Schools of Philosophy

3.3          Schools of Philosophy

3.3.1      Idealism

       Idealism is a philosophical doctrine which only accepts existence of ideas or minds and strongly negates the existence of independent external material world.
       Idealism holds the view that human is spiritual being who possesses free will. It priorities human is spiritual being who possesses free will. It priorities human spiritual aspects and mental representations, and regards material and physical world as not a complete manifestation of reality. It vividly advocates that no reality exists in natural world or materiality because it is transitory. Rather it contends that reality remains in spiritual universe or a universe of ideas, essence and values. Truth, Goodness and Beauty are three elements to which it gives high impetus.
       The word idealism has been derived from the Greek word 'Idein' which means 'to see'. In fact the word idealism is a fusion of 'idea' and 'ideal' which ultimately makes the word 'idealism' not 'ideasim'. That is why idealism strongly advocates the human being is never an inventor but only a discoverer who can only see through spiritual outlook. So idealism regards spirituality, value of truth, eternal beauty and goodness and absolute. Plato, Socrates, Descartes, Kant, Hegal etc are the exponents of idealism.

 Definitions

Ideas are of the ultimate cosmic significance. They are rather the essences or archetypes which give from to cosmos. These ideas are eternal and unchanging.                                                              -Plato

Idealism is the theory that ultimate reality is spiritual.                                        -Dutta

Philosophical Premises/Features or Fundamental Principles of Idealism

i.                     Idealism holds the view that sprite creates the matter and governs the world.
ii.                   It prioritized ideas, sprit, intellect, moral values and essence rather than the matter of physical world.
iii.                  It believes in ultimate truth, absolute beauty and goodness which never get changed.
iv.                 It opines that everything exists in its sprit or essence and goodness which never get changed.
v.                   It says that ultimate aim of human life is to realize god who is the source of everything.
vi.                 Human being can discover these ideas but cannot make.
vii.                It believes that there is harmony between human soul and the universe. Human soul is the microcosm of universal soul; it is the replica of cosmic soul.

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