Major forms/types of education

1.5     Major forms/types of education
Education is a process of drawing out the internal capabilities of persons to make them capable to solve the problems of their life and enable them to be adjusted in their social environment. This process is carried out in many forms. The process of education can be classified in the following three forms.
    a.      Formal education
Formal education is the product of civilization and division of labor. It is the most planned form of education. Formal education is of hierarchical nature, which is divided into different grades. It has a predetermined curriculum. It takes place within the boundary of schools. Examination is conducted at the end of each grade to validate the acquisition of knowledge by the learner.
               Formal education is an organized and well planned system of education which is mainly responsible for the development of knowledge which is mainly responsible for the development of knowledge.  In formal education, more emphasis is given to the acquisition of theoretical structure of knowledge rather than to the education, which enables to solve the problems of daily life. Such education is more examination oriented rather than skill oriented. The students acquire knowledge passively only with the aim of passing the examination and getting a certificate.
    b.      Non-formal education
Non-formal education is an alternative and supplementary education system to the formal education. It is a need based education system, which does not require the fulfillment of formalities as the formal education requires. Any person desiring certain knowledge and skill can get this type of education without fulfilling any formality. Although non-formal education has predetermined objectives and curriculum, these are more need based than disciplinary based examination may or may not take place at the end of education. This education provides an alternative chance to those people, who are benefited from formal education, Adult education, continuing education, open education, functional literacy education, education for income generation and skill training are the examples of non-formal education.
               Non-formal education can be considered as the byproduct of formal education system. When people perceive that there may be an education system, which can provide need-based education, free from the formalities of the graded school education system, it gave birth to non-formal education system.
      c.      Informal education.
Informal education is lifelong process. It does not have a predetermined objective or curricula. It does not have a fixed time or limit. In this education system, the agency that provides education, may or may not have a well-defined objective and well-targeted group of learners. It provides education in such a way that everyone who is interested to get that particular knowledge can get knowledge according to his or her will, interest utility etc. Education is provided in an unplanned manner and the learner acquires it in an unplanned manner. This type of education has no limit in terms of time, students, amount of knowledge to be learned. The learners learn those entire things, which they directly experience.

Comparison between formal, non-formal and Informal education

Formal Education
Non-formal education
Informal Education
This system is structured, graded system designed to fulfill predetermined objects.
Consciously and flexibly organized to achieve predetermined objective or skill.
This is spontaneous education through personal experience or contact, this doesn’t have predetermined objects
This takes place primary to university level.
This has no distinct grades, based on need of learner.
This has no fixed structure, and can take place everywhere.
Aim: to provide minimum knowledge, skill and attitude for live.
Aim: provide workable knowledge to solve the problem of life.
People get knowledge according to their needs and interest.
Time is rigid, rules are important.
Time is flexible, rules are less important.
No limit of time and any rules.
Teacher must be educated.
Any person having skill or knowledge can be a teacher.
No need of a teacher.
Knowledge is measured by examination.
Measured by efficiency and performance.
Measured by individual use.
This has fixed process.
Flexible process.
No need of any process for administration.
Finished products are qualified for job, unfinished products have to repeat.
Not rated on finished and unfinished products.
No finished or unfinished products.



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Education as a Discipline

Unit 1   Education as a Discipline 1.1   Meaning of Education as a discipline Discipline is as a branch of knowledge. It is an integral body of knowledge, which has a distinct existence different from other branches of knowledge or disciplines. Knowledge, which is a core element of any discipline, and it is the product of human experience. It is a stock of verified body of experiences. The origin of knowledge is directly dependent on human experiences. Element of discipline Specific origin or history: The core element of any discipline is experienced and verified over a long period of time. Every discipline Maths, Science has their long history.   Specific foundation: The foundations of any discipline are those areas of knowledge, which lay the bases for a discipline. For example foundation of science is related to the knowledge of the physical world, which is divided into living and non living substances.   Concepts, theories and principles: The stock of k
Read more

National Educational System Plan 1971-1975(2028-2031 BS)

National Educational System Plan 1971-1975(2028-2031 BS)  However educational plan started to construct from 2004 BS in Nepal, it got formal significance from Nepal National Education Plan Commission 2011 BS. After this, all Round Education Committee 2013 BS, Wood and Burno Commission 2019, National Education Advisory Council 2024 BS. Consequently, King Mahedra declared the National Educational System Plan on Baisakh 1, 2028 BS. At first, it was implemented in Chitwan and Kaski Districts as an experimental phase. After, it was implemented all districts of Nepal in 13, 15, 20 and 25 districts, respectively in second, third, fourth and fifth phases till 2032 BS, So it is regarded as the National Education System Plan 2028- 2032.  NESP 2028 brought a revolutionary step in the educational system of Nepal. It was a great change from the traditional educational system because it was the first and last refined educational plan implemented in Nepal so far. It included all of the aspects t
Read more

Agencies of Socialization and Modes of Socialization

Agencies of Socialization  A society consists of a variety of groups with their various aims and interests. All of such groups directly or indirectly contribute to educate the individuals in one way or the other. Agencies of education are the means for socialization because it is education that accelerates socialization of the people.  Different social groups activate in the society as agencies of education which ultimately contribute to educate them, and to socialize through education. Agencies of the education are the sources of education such as schools, collages, family, society, state, library, media and different social institutions. Such agencies of education take responsibility of educating and socializing the individuals, reconstructing and developing the society, preserving, transmitting and developing cultural heritages. Classification of agencies of Education in Socialization Active agencies  The agencies which actively participate in educating and socializing proc
Read more